Friday, 6 January 2012
The Lee-Enfield is a series of bolt-action rifles and carbines that were designed by Scottish-born gun designer James Paris Lee (1831-1904) and the Royal Small Arms Factory at Enfield Lock, Great Britain; to replace the Lee-Metford series bolt-action rifles and carbines (a series of bolt-action rifles and carbines that were designed by James Paris Lee and William Ellis Metford) when the British armed forces adopted smokeless gun powder in the late 19th century. The Lee-Enfield series of bolt-action rifles and carbines saw extensive service with the armed forces of Great Britain and the nations, colonies, and dominion states of the British Empire/British Commonwealth from 1895, until the rifles were replaced from frontline military service in 1957 by the British version of the FN FALrifle, the L1A1 Self Loading Rifle.
Specifications
- Weight: ~4 kg (8.8 lb) depending on wood density
- Length: 1,130 mm (44.5 in)
- Barrel length: 635 mm (25 in)
- Cartridge: .303 Mk VII SAA Ball
- Action: Bolt-action
- Muzzle velocity: 744 m/s (2,441 ft/s)
- Effective range: 550 yards (503 m)[2]
- Maximum range: 2,000 yd (1,829 m)
- Feed system: 10-round magazine, loaded with 5-round charger clips
- Sights: Sliding ramp rear sights, Fixed-post front sights, "Dial" long-range volley sights (deleted on MkIII* and later); Telescopic sights on Sniper models
- Rate of fire: between 15 to 30 rounds/minute
SMLE Lee Enfield
Rifle No 4
By the late 1930s the need for new rifles grew, and the Rifle, No. 4 Mk I was first issued in 1939 but not officially adopted until 1941.[30] The No. 4 action was similar to the Mk VI,[31] but lighter, stronger, and most importantly, easier to mass produce.[31] Unlike the SMLE, the No 4 Lee-Enfield barrel protruded from the end of the forestock. The No. 4 rifle was considerably heavier than the No. 1 Mk. III, largely due to its heavier barrel,[31] and a new bayonet was designed to go with the rifle: a spike bayonet,[31] which was essentially a steel rod with a sharp point, and was nicknamed "pigsticker" by soldiers. Towards the end of the Second World War, a bladed bayonet was developed, originally intended for use with the Sten gun—but sharing the same mount as the No. 4's spike bayonet—and subsequently the No. 7 and No. 9 blade bayonets were issued for use with the No. 4 rifle as well.[32]
During the course of the Second World War, the No. 4 rifle was further simplified for mass-production with the creation of the No. 4 Mk I* in 1942,[33] with the bolt release catch replaced by a simpler notch on the bolt track of the rifle's receiver.[33] It was produced only in North America,[33] by Long Branch Arsenal in Canada and Savage-Stevens Firearms in the USA.[33] The No.4 Mk I rifle was primarily produced in the United Kingdom.[34]
In the years after the Second World War the British produced the No. 4 Mk 2 (Arabic numerals replaced Roman numerals for official designations in 1944) rifle, a refined and improved No. 4 rifle with the trigger hung from the receiver and not from the trigger guard,[35] beech wood stocks (with the original reinforcing strap and center piece of wood in the rear of the forestock on the No.4 Mk I/Mk I* being removed in favour of a tie screw and nut) and brass buttplates (during World War II, the British replaced the brass buttplates on the No.4 rifles with zinc alloy (Zamak) ones to reduce costs and to speed up rifle production). With the introduction of the No. 4 Mk 2 rifle, the British refurbished many of their existing stocks of No. 4 rifles and brought them up to the same standard as the No. 4 Mk 2.[36] No. 4 Mk 1 rifles so upgraded were re-designated No. 4 Mk I/2, whilst No. 4 Mk I* rifles that were brought up to Mk 2 standard were re-designated No. 4 Mk I/3.[33]
The C No.7 Rifle is a .22 single shot manually fed training version of the No.4 Mk I* rifle manufactured at Long Branch.[37]
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